XPath tugunlari
XPath terminologiyasi
Tugunlar
XPath’da tugunlarning yetti turi mavjud: element, atribut, matn, nomlar fazosi, qayta ishlash ko‘rsatmasi (processing-instruction), izoh va ildiz tugunlari.
XML hujjatlari tugunlar daraxti sifatida qaraladi. Daraxtning eng yuqoridagi elementi ildiz element deb ataladi.
Quyidagi XML hujjatni ko‘rib chiqing:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<bookstore>
<book>
<title lang="en">Harry Potter</title>
<author>J K. Rowling</author>
<year>2005</year>
<price>29.99</price>
</book>
</bookstore>Yuqoridagi XML hujjatdagi tugunlarga misol:
<bookstore> (root element node)
<author>J K. Rowling</author> (element node)
lang="en" (attribute node)Atomar qiymatlar
Atomar qiymatlar — bolalari ham, otasi ham bo‘lmagan tugunlar.
Atomar qiymatlarga misol:
J K. Rowling
"en"Birliklar (items)
Birliklar (items) — atomar qiymatlar yoki tugunlar.
Tugunlar o‘rtasidagi munosabat
Ota (parent)
Har bir element va atributning bitta otasi bor.
Quyidagi misolda book elementi title, author, year va price elementlarining otasi hisoblanadi:
<book>
<title>Harry Potter</title>
<author>J K. Rowling</author>
<year>2005</year>
<price>29.99</price>
</book>Bolalar (children)
Element tugunlari nol, bitta yoki undan ortiq bolaga ega bo‘lishi mumkin.
Quyidagi misolda title, author, year va price elementlarining barchasi book elementining bolalari hisoblanadi:
<book>
<title>Harry Potter</title>
<author>J K. Rowling</author>
<year>2005</year>
<price>29.99</price>
</book>Qo‘shnilar (siblings)
Otasi bir xil bo‘lgan tugunlar.
Quyidagi misolda title, author, year va price elementlarining barchasi qo‘shnilar hisoblanadi:
<book>
<title>Harry Potter</title>
<author>J K. Rowling</author>
<year>2005</year>
<price>29.99</price>
</book>Ajdodlar (ancestors)
Tugunning otasi, otasining otasi va hokazo.
Quyidagi misolda title elementining ajdodlari book elementi va bookstore elementidir:
<bookstore>
<book>
<title>Harry Potter</title>
<author>J K. Rowling</author>
<year>2005</year>
<price>29.99</price>
</book>
</bookstore>Avlodlar (descendants)
Tugunning bolalari, bolalarining bolalari va hokazo.
Quyidagi misolda bookstore elementining avlodlari book, title, author, year va price elementlaridir:
<bookstore>
<book>
<title>Harry Potter</title>
<author>J K. Rowling</author>
<year>2005</year>
<price>29.99</price>
</book>
</bookstore>W3Schools Pathfinder
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