XML’dan foydalanish
XML veb-dasturlashning ko‘plab jabhalarida qo‘llaniladi.
XML ko‘pincha ma’lumotlarni taqdimotdan (ko‘rinishdan) ajratish uchun ishlatiladi.
XML ma’lumotlarni taqdimotdan ajratadi
XML qanday ko‘rsatilishi kerakligi haqida hech qanday ma’lumot tashimaydi.
Bir xil XML ma’lumotlaridan ko‘plab turli taqdimot stsenariylarida foydalanish mumkin.
Shu sababli XML’da ma’lumotlar va taqdimot bir-biridan to‘liq ajratilgan bo‘ladi.
XML ko‘pincha HTML’ni to‘ldiradi
Ko‘plab HTML ilovalarida XML ma’lumotlarni saqlash yoki uzatish uchun, HTML esa aynan shu ma’lumotlarni formatlash va ko‘rsatish uchun ishlatiladi.
XML ma’lumotlarni HTML’dan ajratadi
Ma’lumotlarni HTML’da ko‘rsatayotganda, ma’lumotlar o‘zgargan har safar HTML faylni tahrirlashga majbur bo‘lmasligingiz kerak.
XML yordamida ma’lumotlarni alohida XML fayllarda saqlash mumkin.
Bir necha qator JavaScript kodi yordamida XML faylni o‘qib, istalgan HTML sahifaning ma’lumotlar tarkibini yangilashingiz mumkin.
Books.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<bookstore>
<book category="cooking">
<title lang="en">Everyday Italian</title>
<author>Giada De Laurentiis</author>
<year>2005</year>
<price>30.00</price>
</book>
<book category="children">
<title lang="en">Harry Potter</title>
<author>J K. Rowling</author>
<year>2005</year>
<price>29.99</price>
</book>
<book category="web">
<title lang="en">XQuery Kick Start</title>
<author>James McGovern</author>
<author>Per Bothner</author>
<author>Kurt Cagle</author>
<author>James Linn</author>
<author>Vaidyanathan Nagarajan</author>
<year>2003</year>
<price>49.99</price>
</book>
<book category="web" cover="paperback">
<title lang="en">Learning XML</title>
<author>Erik T. Ray</author>
<year>2003</year>
<price>39.95</price>
</book>
</bookstore>
XML va JavaScript’dan foydalanish haqida ushbu darslikning DOM bo‘limida ancha ko‘proq narsalarni o‘rganasiz.
Tranzaksiya ma’lumotlari
Kundalik ma’lumot tranzaksiyalarini tavsiflash uchun ko‘plab turli sohalarda minglab XML formatlari mavjud:
- Aksiyalar va qimmatli qog‘ozlar
- Moliyaviy tranzaksiyalar
- Tibbiy ma’lumotlar
- Matematik ma’lumotlar
- Ilmiy o‘lchovlar
- Yangiliklar ma’lumotlari
- Ob-havo xizmatlari
Misol: XML News
XMLNews — yangiliklar va boshqa ma’lumotlarni almashish uchun spetsifikatsiya.
Standartdan foydalanish yangiliklar ishlab chiqaruvchilari va iste’molchilariga har qanday turdagi yangiliklar ma’lumotlarini turli apparat ta’minoti, dasturiy ta’minot va dasturlash tillarida yaratish, qabul qilish va arxivlashni osonlashtiradi.
XMLNews hujjatiga misol:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<nitf>
<head>
<title>Colombia Earthquake</title>
</head>
<body>
<headline>
<hl1>143 Dead in Colombia Earthquake</hl1>
</headline>
<byline>
<bytag>By Jared Kotler, Associated Press Writer</bytag>
</byline>
<dateline>
<location>Bogota, Colombia</location>
<date>Monday January 25 1999 7:28 ET</date>
</dateline>
</body>
</nitf>Misol: XML ob-havo xizmati
NOAA’ning (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration — AQSh Milliy okean va atmosfera boshqarmasi) XML milliy ob-havo xizmati:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<current_observation>
<credit>NOAA's National Weather Service</credit>
<credit_URL>http://weather.gov/</credit_URL>
<image>
<url>http://weather.gov/images/xml_logo.gif</url>
<title>NOAA's National Weather Service</title>
<link>http://weather.gov</link>
</image>
<location>New York/John F. Kennedy Intl Airport, NY</location>
<station_id>KJFK</station_id>
<latitude>40.66</latitude>
<longitude>-73.78</longitude>
<observation_time_rfc822>Mon, 11 Feb 2008 06:51:00 -0500 EST
</observation_time_rfc822>
<weather>A Few Clouds</weather>
<temp_f>11</temp_f>
<temp_c>-12</temp_c>
<relative_humidity>36</relative_humidity>
<wind_dir>West</wind_dir>
<wind_degrees>280</wind_degrees>
<wind_mph>18.4</wind_mph>
<wind_gust_mph>29</wind_gust_mph>
<pressure_mb>1023.6</pressure_mb>
<pressure_in>30.23</pressure_in>
<dewpoint_f>-11</dewpoint_f>
<dewpoint_c>-24</dewpoint_c>
<windchill_f>-7</windchill_f>
<windchill_c>-22</windchill_c>
<visibility_mi>10.00</visibility_mi>
<icon_url_base>http://weather.gov/weather/images/fcicons/</icon_url_base>
<icon_url_name>nfew.jpg</icon_url_name>
<disclaimer_url>http://weather.gov/disclaimer.html</disclaimer_url>
<copyright_url>http://weather.gov/disclaimer.html</copyright_url>
</current_observation>
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