Fayllarni birlashtirish (cat)

cat buyrug‘idan foydalanish

cat buyrug‘i fayllar tarkibini terminalda ko‘rsatish uchun ishlatiladi.

Undan bir nechta faylni bittaga birlashtirish uchun ham foydalanishingiz mumkin.

Asosiy foydalanish

Fayl tarkibini ko‘rsatish uchun cat filename buyrug‘idan foydalaning:

cat my_file.txt
Understanding Shells
A shell is a text-based interface that lets you talk to your computer.

There are different types of shells. Bash (Bourne Again SHell)
is popular because it's powerful and easy to use.

Parametrlar

cat buyrug‘ida matnni qanday ko‘rsatishini o‘zgartiruvchi parametrlar mavjud:

• -n - Har bir qatorni raqamlash
• -b - Faqat matnli qatorlarni raqamlash
• -s - Ortiqcha bo‘sh qatorlarni olib tashlash
• -v - Chop etilmaydigan belgilarni ko‘rsatish (tabulyatsiya va qator oxiri belgilaridan tashqari)

-n parametri: barcha qatorlarni raqamlash

-n parametri natijadagi har bir qatorga raqam qo‘yadi.

cat -n my_file.txt
    1  Understanding Shells
    2  A shell is a text-based interface that lets you talk to your computer.
    3
    4  There are different types of shells. Bash (Bourne Again SHell)
    5  is popular because it's powerful and easy to use.

-b parametri: bo‘sh bo‘lmagan qatorlarni raqamlash

-b parametri bo‘sh qatorlarni e’tiborsiz qoldirib, faqat matnli qatorlarga raqam qo‘yadi.

cat -b my_file.txt
    1  Understanding Shells
    2  A shell is a text-based interface that lets you talk to your computer.

    3  There are different types of shells. Bash (Bourne Again SHell)
    4  is popular because it's powerful and easy to use.

-s parametri: takroriy bo‘sh qatorlarni qisqartirish

-s parametri natijadagi ortiqcha bo‘sh qatorlarni olib tashlaydi: ketma-ket bir nechta bo‘sh qator bo‘lgan joyda faqat bittasi qoladi.

cat -s my_file.txt
Understanding Shells
A shell is a text-based interface that lets you talk to your computer.
There are different types of shells. Bash (Bourne Again SHell)
is popular because it's powerful and easy to use.

-v parametri: chop etilmaydigan belgilarni ko‘rsatish

-v parametri tabulyatsiya va qator oxiri belgilaridan tashqari chop etilmaydigan belgilarni ko‘rinadigan qiladi.

Bu yashirin belgilari bor fayllardagi xatolarni aniqlash uchun foydali.

cat -v my_file.txt

Ikki faylni birlashtirish

cat buyrug‘i yordamida bir nechta faylni bittaga birlashtirish (konkatenatsiya qilish) mumkin.

Bu fayllarni birlashtirish yoki mavjud fayl oxiriga yangi tarkib qo‘shish uchun foydali.

cat file1.txt file2.txt > combined.txt

cat buyrug‘ini piping (oqimlarni ulash - pipe) bilan ishlatish

cat buyrug‘i fayllar tarkibini boshqa buyruqlarga uzatish uchun ko‘pincha piping bilan birga ishlatiladi.

Bu matnli ma’lumotlarni qayta ishlash uchun foydali.

cat my_file.txt | grep "shells"
Understanding Shells
There are different types of shells. Bash (Bourne Again SHell)