R matritsalari
Matritsalar
Matritsa — ustun va qatorlardan iborat ikki o‘lchamli ma’lumotlar to‘plami.
Ustun — ma’lumotlarning vertikal ko‘rinishi, qator esa ma’lumotlarning gorizontal ko‘rinishi.
Matritsani matrix() funksiyasi yordamida yaratish mumkin. Qatorlar va ustunlar sonini belgilash uchun nrow va ncol parametrlarini ko‘rsating:
Misol
# Create a matrix
thismatrix <- matrix(c(1,2,3,4,5,6), nrow = 3, ncol = 2)
# Print the matrix
thismatrix
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Eslatma: Yodda tuting, c() funksiyasi elementlarni bir-biriga birlashtirish uchun ishlatiladi.
Stringlardan iborat matritsa ham yaratishingiz mumkin:
Misol
thismatrix <- matrix(c("apple", "banana", "cherry", "orange"), nrow = 2, ncol = 2)
thismatrix
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Matritsa elementlariga murojaat qilish
Elementlarga [ ] qavslari yordamida murojaat qilishingiz mumkin. Qavs ichidagi birinchi "1" soni qator o‘rnini, ikkinchi "2" soni esa ustun o‘rnini bildiradi:
Misol
thismatrix <- matrix(c("apple", "banana", "cherry", "orange"), nrow = 2, ncol = 2)
thismatrix[1, 2]
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Qavs ichidagi sondan keyin vergul qo‘ysangiz, butun qatorga murojaat qilish mumkin:
Misol
thismatrix <- matrix(c("apple", "banana", "cherry", "orange"), nrow = 2, ncol = 2)
thismatrix[2,]
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Qavs ichidagi sondan oldin vergul qo‘ysangiz, butun ustunga murojaat qilish mumkin:
Misol
thismatrix <- matrix(c("apple", "banana", "cherry", "orange"), nrow = 2, ncol = 2)
thismatrix[,2]
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Bir nechta qatorga murojaat qilish
c() funksiyasidan foydalansangiz, bir nechta qatorga murojaat qilish mumkin:
Misol
thismatrix <- matrix(c("apple", "banana", "cherry", "orange","grape", "pineapple", "pear", "melon", "fig"), nrow = 3, ncol = 3)
thismatrix[c(1,2),]
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Bir nechta ustunga murojaat qilish
c() funksiyasidan foydalansangiz, bir nechta ustunga murojaat qilish mumkin:
Misol
thismatrix <- matrix(c("apple", "banana", "cherry", "orange","grape", "pineapple", "pear", "melon", "fig"), nrow = 3, ncol = 3)
thismatrix[, c(1,2)]
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Qator va ustunlar qo‘shish
Matritsaga qo‘shimcha ustunlar qo‘shish uchun cbind() funksiyasidan foydalaning:
Misol
thismatrix <- matrix(c("apple", "banana", "cherry", "orange","grape", "pineapple", "pear", "melon", "fig"), nrow = 3, ncol = 3)
newmatrix <- cbind(thismatrix, c("strawberry", "blueberry", "raspberry"))
# Print the new matrix
newmatrix
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Eslatma: Yangi ustundagi kataklar mavjud matritsa bilan bir xil uzunlikda bo‘lishi kerak.
Matritsaga qo‘shimcha qatorlar qo‘shish uchun rbind() funksiyasidan foydalaning:
Misol
thismatrix <- matrix(c("apple", "banana", "cherry", "orange","grape", "pineapple", "pear", "melon", "fig"), nrow = 3, ncol = 3)
newmatrix <- rbind(thismatrix, c("strawberry", "blueberry", "raspberry"))
# Print the new matrix
newmatrix
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Eslatma: Yangi qatordagi kataklar mavjud matritsa bilan bir xil uzunlikda bo‘lishi kerak.
Qator va ustunlarni o‘chirish
Matritsadagi qator va ustunlarni o‘chirish uchun c() funksiyasidan foydalaning:
Misol
thismatrix <- matrix(c("apple", "banana", "cherry", "orange", "mango", "pineapple"), nrow = 3, ncol =2)
#Remove the first row and the first column
thismatrix <- thismatrix[-c(1), -c(1)]
thismatrix
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Element mavjudligini tekshirish
Ko‘rsatilgan element matritsada bor-yo‘qligini bilish uchun %in% operatoridan foydalaning:
Misol
"apple" matritsada bor-yo‘qligini tekshiring:
thismatrix <- matrix(c("apple", "banana", "cherry", "orange"), nrow = 2, ncol = 2)
"apple" %in% thismatrix
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Qator va ustunlar soni
Matritsadagi qator va ustunlar sonini topish uchun dim() funksiyasidan foydalaning:
Misol
thismatrix <- matrix(c("apple", "banana", "cherry", "orange"), nrow = 2, ncol = 2)
dim(thismatrix)
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Matritsa uzunligi
Matritsa o‘lchamini topish uchun length() funksiyasidan foydalaning:
Misol
thismatrix <- matrix(c("apple", "banana", "cherry", "orange"), nrow = 2, ncol = 2)
length(thismatrix)
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Matritsadagi kataklarning umumiy soni qatorlar sonini ustunlar soniga ko‘paytirilganiga teng.
Yuqoridagi misolda: o‘lcham = 2*2 = 4.
Matritsa bo‘ylab sikl
for sikli yordamida matritsani aylanib chiqishingiz mumkin. Sikl birinchi qatordan boshlanib, o‘ngga qarab harakatlanadi:
Misol
Matritsa elementlarini aylanib chiqing va ularni chiqaring:
thismatrix <- matrix(c("apple", "banana", "cherry", "orange"), nrow = 2, ncol = 2)
for (rows in 1:nrow(thismatrix)) {
for (columns in 1:ncol(thismatrix)) {
print(thismatrix[rows, columns])
}
}
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Ikki matritsani birlashtirish
Ikki yoki undan ortiq matritsani birlashtirish uchun yana rbind() yoki cbind() funksiyasidan foydalanishingiz mumkin:
Misol
# Combine matrices
Matrix1 <- matrix(c("apple", "banana", "cherry", "grape"), nrow = 2, ncol = 2)
Matrix2 <- matrix(c("orange", "mango", "pineapple", "watermelon"), nrow = 2, ncol = 2)
# Adding it as a rows
Matrix_Combined <- rbind(Matrix1, Matrix2)
Matrix_Combined
# Adding it as a columns
Matrix_Combined <- cbind(Matrix1, Matrix2)
Matrix_Combined
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